Diabetes mellitus, usually called simply diabetes or formerly sugar
diabetes, is a chronic condition in which the body does not produce any
or enough insulin or cannot use it properly. The body's energy comes
from the food we eat, which is broken down during digestion into glucose
and other nutrients. Insulin is required to promote the movement of
glucose into the cells. When it is lacking or insufficient, the body's
cells cannot use glucose to provide energy, and the result is an
accumulation of glucose in the blood. This excess blood glucose can lead
to serious health problems .
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) estimates that about 16 million
people have diabetes, or about 5% of the population, in the United
States. However, a disproportionate number of dollars, about 15%, is
spent on medical care to treat diabetes. The Centers for Disease Control
(CDC) lists diabetes as the seventh leading cause of death by disease
in the United States. This ranking may be low, because deaths resulting
from diabetes complications are believed to be underreported.
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